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Agricultural emissions research levy
The agricultural emissions research levy was a controversial tax proposal in New Zealand. It was first proposed in 2003 and would collect an estimated $8.4 million annually from livestock farmers (out of an estimated annual $50–125 million in costs to the public which is caused by farm animals' emissions of greenhouse gases such as methane), and which would have been used to fund research on the livestock industry's emissions of greenhouse gases, to further the nation's compliance with the Kyoto Protocol.
==History==
In 2003, the tax was opposed by MP's of the ACT Party〔(ACT's Message To Farmers: Stand Firm ). Act.org.nz (29 August 2003). Retrieved on 19 August 2011.〕 and the National Party. but eventually they proposed an alternative solution, as described below. Shane Ardern, a National Party MP, drove a tractor up the steps of Parliament as part of a protest against the tax.
In 2004, a consortium of the livestock industry agreed to pay for a portion of this research (just not via taxation), and the government reserved the right to reconsider the tax if they or the industry withdrew from the agreement.〔
In New Zealand, farm animals account for approximately 50% of the greenhouse gas emissions, according to two official estimates,〔(Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium PGGRC says 49% ), whilst (MAF says more than 50% ).〕 and the Kyoto treaty may compel New Zealand to pay penalties if gas levels are not brought down. Research shows that the world's livestock produce are a significant contributor to global emissions〔(The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ). Fao.org. Retrieved on 19 August 2011.〕 (NZ exports a significant degree of its dairy and meat, as noted in Economy of New Zealand.)
In 2004, whilst the Labour Party's coalition still led parliament, New Zealand's livestock farmers agreed to contribute to related scientific research, and to fund an unspecified portion of the costs of the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium.〔(Memorandum of Understanding, 29 Jan 2004 ) NOTE: articles 1.3, 1.8, and 3.8, and 5.3 refer to the funding and non-taxation "as long as this MOU is in effect" agreement.〕〔
In September 2009, the National-led government announced that a push would be made for the formation of a Global Alliance to investigate methods of reducing greenhouse gas emissions due to agriculture. Simon Upton, a former National Party MP and Minister for the Environment, was appointed as a special envoy to liaise with other countries on the issue.
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